In today’s world, the importance of ensuring safety in public spaces cannot be overstated. One key component in the architecture of safety is the use of panic bars on doors, particularly in public and commercial buildings. These devices, also known as push bars or crash bars, are designed to allow people to exit a building quickly and efficiently during emergencies. Here, we’ll dive into what panic bars and push pads are, how they work, and why they’re essential for any building that prioritizes security and safety.
What Are Panic Bars for Doors?
Panic bars are horizontal metal bars installed on the inside of doors, typically in places with high foot traffic like schools, shopping centres, offices, hospitals, and industrial facilities. They enable a quick, effortless exit in case of emergencies, such as fires, earthquakes, or other hazards where every second counts. By simply pushing on the bar, even a crowded group of people can exit without needing to fumble with locks or knobs. This feature helps prevent overcrowding near emergency exits and mitigates the risks associated with delayed evacuation.
Why Are Panic Bars Important?
- Enhanced Safety
Panic bars are primarily installed to ensure that people can leave a building as quickly as possible in emergencies. Traditional locks or handles may not offer the same efficiency, especially in high-stress situations, as people may panic or get stuck in a crowd. The simplicity of the push bar’s mechanism drastically reduces the time needed to exit. - Compliance with Building Codes
In many places, building codes require the installation of panic bars on doors in public spaces and commercial buildings. Not only is this a matter of safety, but it also ensures compliance with local regulations, which may mandate panic bars for structures used by large numbers of people. These regulations are in place to standardize building safety measures and protect occupants. - Security and Access Control
Many panic bars are equipped with security features to prevent unauthorised access from outside. Once a door with a panic bar closes, it typically locks automatically from the exterior, making it impossible to enter without a key or specific access credentials. This feature provides added security, keeping the building secure while still allowing for quick exit if needed.
Types of Panic Bars for Doors
Panic bars come in different varieties to accommodate various building needs:
- Rim Type Panic Bars: Installed on the surface of the door, making them easy to install and ideal for retrofitting older doors.
- Mortise Panic Bars: Recessed into the door, offering a more discreet look. These are often preferred for high-end establishments where aesthetics are important.
- Vertical Rod Panic Bars: Designed with rods that extend to the top and bottom of the door frame, providing extra security and stability, commonly used for double doors.
- Alarmed Panic Bars: Equipped with an alarm that sounds when the bar is pushed, these are ideal for controlled exits in settings like retail stores to prevent unauthorised exits.
How to Choose the Right Panic Bar
When choosing panic bars for doors, it’s essential to consider the following:
- Building Requirements and Codes: Make sure that the panic bar meets local building codes.
- Usage Frequency: Consider how often the door will be used in normal operations. High-traffic doors require robust panic bars that can withstand frequent use.
- Type of Building and Occupants: Schools, healthcare facilities, and office buildings all have unique needs based on their occupants.
- Security Needs: For buildings that require higher security, consider panic bars that have additional features like alarms or access controls.
Installation and Maintenance of Panic Bars
Panic bars are relatively straightforward to install, and most reputable models come with installation instructions. However, for optimal functionality, hiring a professional installer is often recommended. Regular maintenance is also important, as a malfunctioning panic bar can pose safety risks. Routine checks to ensure the bar operates smoothly, checking for any loose parts or bolts, and testing the locking mechanism are key aspects of maintenance.
What is Panic Hardware?
Panic hardware refers to a range of emergency door mechanisms that enable quick and secure exits in panic situation. These devices are typically found on exit doors and are engineered to work in one simple motion: pushing the horizontal bar or plate opens the door instantly, allowing people to exit quickly in emergencies. This feature is particularly valuable in stressful situations where delays in unlocking or opening doors could compromise safety.
Why is Panic Hardware Important?
- Quick and Safe Exits
Panic hardware is designed to simplify the exit process, making it easy to open doors with minimal force. During emergencies, like fires or earthquakes, it allows occupants to leave swiftly and without needing to unlock doors or turn handles. - Compliance with Safety Codes
Many building codes and fire safety regulations mandate the use of panic hardware in public and commercial buildings, as it meets life-safety standards for easy exit access. These codes, like the International Building Code (IBC) and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards, help ensure that building occupants have safe, accessible routes to exit. - Enhanced Building Security
Panic hardware can improve security by preventing unauthorised entry from the outside while allowing emergency exit from the inside. In many cases, the door will automatically lock upon closure, so re-entry is restricted, keeping the building secure while allowing for safe exits.
What is Fire Exit Hardware?
Fire exit hardware consists of exit devices installed on doors designated as fire exits. These mechanisms are engineered to automatically unlatch fire door when pushed, enabling quick egress while also meeting stringent fire safety codes and regulations. Fire exit hardware is typically installed on doors in fire-rated walls or corridors to limit fire and smoke spread, ensuring occupants have accessible exit routes.
Why is Fire Exit Hardware Important?
- Quick, Accessible Exits in Emergencies
Fire exit hardware allows occupants to exit a building with a single motion—just push on the bar or device to open the door. This swift operation is critical during emergencies like fires, where delays could be dangerous or even life-threatening. - Compliance with Fire Codes and Standards
Building codes and fire safety regulations, such as those set by the International Building Code (IBC) and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), often require fire exit hardware on certain doors. Compliance with these standards is mandatory for buildings to ensure safety and to avoid costly fines or legal issues. - Smoke and Fire Resistance
Fire exit hardware is built with durable materials that can withstand high temperatures and help prevent the spread of smoke and flames. When installed on fire-rated doors, it maintains the integrity of fire barriers, containing hazards and keeping occupants safe. - Enhanced Security
Many fire exit hardware devices are designed to secure doors from outside access while allowing easy egress from inside. This one-way exit functionality helps prevent unauthorised entry while ensuring that building occupants can safely exit when needed.
Panic bars are a vital addition to any building that values the safety of its occupants. Not only do they make exit routes accessible in emergencies, but they also adhere to safety codes and enhance building security. Whether you’re upgrading an old facility or installing steel doors in a new one, choosing the right panic bars for your doors is a crucial decision that will have a lasting impact on the safety and security of everyone who uses the building.
FAQs
1. What is a panic bar, and how does it work?
A panic bar (or push bar) is a horizontal bar installed on the inside of an exit door. To open the door, you simply push the bar, allowing for a quick and effortless exit in the event of emergencies. It bypasses traditional locks and handles, making exits faster and easier, especially in high-stress situations.
2. Where are panic bars required?
Panic bars are often required by building codes for doors in public buildings, commercial spaces, and high-occupancy venues, such as schools, shopping centres, hospitals, theatres, and stadiums. Local regulations typically dictate where they must be installed, so it’s best to consult building codes in your area.
3. Are panic bars secure from the outside?
Yes, most panic bars are designed to lock automatically once the door closes, preventing unauthorised access from the outside. They allow one-way exit for emergencies while maintaining security from external access.
4. Can panic bars be installed on any type of door?
Panic bars can be installed on many types of doors, including wood, metal, and glass doors with metal frames. However, they may require specific configurations based on the door’s material and design, so consulting with a professional installer is often recommended.
5. Are panic bars required on all exit doors?
Not necessarily. While many exit doors in public and commercial spaces are required to have panic bars, not all are. The requirement depends on the type of building, occupancy, and the purpose of the door.
